Michigan Electricity Emission Factor 2023

EPA eGRID2023 Rev2 · 4 eGRID subregions

Power plants in Michigan emitted 797.4 lb CO2e per MWh generated in 2023 (0.3617 kg/kWh), 3% dirtier than the US average, according to EPA's eGRID2023 state rate. Their generation was 33% carbon-free and 10% renewable. For GHG Protocol Scope 2 location-based reporting, use the eGRID subregion factor of each facility's ZIP (below), not the state rate: power flows across state lines within a subregion.

797.4
lb CO2e / MWh (state)
0.3617
kg CO2e / kWh
33%
Carbon-free
10%
Renewable

eGRID Subregions in Michigan

Michigan's ZIP codes fall in 4 eGRID subregions. These are the Scope 2 factors; use the ZIP-level API to get the one for each facility.

SubregionNamelb CO2e/MWhkg/kWhCarbon-freeShare of MI ZIPs
RFCM RFC Michigan 975.978 0.4427 21.38% 84%
MROE MRO East 1404.963 0.6373 17.33% 9%
RFCW RFC West 916.054 0.4155 36.06% 6%
MROW MRO West 926.552 0.4203 51.34% 1%

Generation Mix

Solar1.1%
Wind6.9%
Nuclear23.2%
Natural Gas44.8%
Coal19.5%
Biomass1.7%
Oil1.1%
Other Fossil1.3%

Generation by power plants in Michigan, 2023 (EPA eGRID2023 state resource mix).

kWh to CO2 Calculator - Michigan

Using the RFCM subregion factor (975.978 lb CO2e/MWh = 0.4427 kg/kWh), which covers 84% of Michigan's ZIP codes; for other parts of the state look up the ZIP. Source: EPA eGRID2023.

How to Use Michigan's Emission Factor for Scope 2 Reporting

For GHG Protocol Scope 2 location-based emissions reporting, multiply each facility's electricity consumption by the emission factor for its ZIP code's eGRID subregion. Facilities in different parts of Michigan are in different subregions - use the API to get the exact factor by ZIP code.

curl "https://emission-factors.com/api/lookup?zip=YOUR_ZIP"

Other States Served by the Same Subregions (state rates)

Illinois
474 lb/MWh
Indiana
1466 lb/MWh
Iowa
634 lb/MWh
Kentucky
1747 lb/MWh
Maryland
522 lb/MWh
Minnesota
752 lb/MWh
Michigan
797 lb/MWh

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Michigan's electricity emission factor?

For Scope 2 reporting, it depends on the ZIP: Michigan's ZIP codes are in RFCM (975.978 lb CO2e/MWh, 84% of ZIPs), MROE (1404.963 lb CO2e/MWh, 9% of ZIPs), RFCW (916.054 lb CO2e/MWh, 6% of ZIPs), MROW (926.552 lb CO2e/MWh, 1% of ZIPs). EPA's state rate for plants in Michigan is 797.4 lb CO2e/MWh, 3% dirtier than the US average.

How do I calculate Scope 2 emissions for a Michigan facility?

Multiply the facility's annual kWh by the kg/kWh factor of its ZIP code's eGRID subregion to get kg CO2e, and divide by 1,000 for metric tonnes. The emission factors API returns the factor for any ZIP.

How clean is Michigan's electricity grid?

Power plants in Michigan generated 33% carbon-free and 10% renewable electricity in 2023. At 797 lb CO2e/MWh, the state rate is 3% dirtier than the US average of 770.9 lb/MWh.

Get exact emission factors by ZIP code

33,700+ ZIP codes · All 27 eGRID subregions · CO2e, NOx, SO2, generation mix

Read the API docs · Scope 2 calculation guide