Virginia Electricity Emission Factor 2023

EPA eGRID2023 Rev2 · 3 eGRID subregions · Average

Virginia's electricity grid has a CO₂e emission factor of 723.8 lb/MWh (0.3283 kg/kWh) - 6% cleaner than the US average. The grid is 37% carbon-free and 8% renewable. These are the official EPA eGRID2023 values used for GHG Protocol Scope 2 location-based emissions reporting.

723.8

lb CO₂e / MWh

0.3283

kg CO₂e / kWh

37%

Carbon-free

Renewable

eGRID Subregions in Virginia

Virginia spans 3 eGRID subregions. Use the ZIP-level API to get the exact factor for each facility.

Subregion	Name	lb CO₂e/MWh	kg/kWh	Carbon-free	Rating
RFCM	RFC Michigan	975.978	0.4427	21.32%	Dirty
SRVC	SERC Virginia/Carolina	596.326	0.2705	49.75%	Clean
RFCE	RFC East	599.17	0.2718	40.4%	Clean

Generation Mix

Solar1.3%

Wind8.8%

Nuclear10.2%

Natural Gas49.6%

Coal25.6%

Biomass1.5%

Oil1.5%

Other Fossil1.6%

Generation mix shown for RFCM (primary subregion). See subregion pages for full breakdowns.

Electricity cost in Virginia

Latest monthly state-level average rate (EIA Form 861, 2026-04):

Sector	$/kWh
Residential	$0.1738
Commercial	$0.1033
Industrial	$0.0986
All sectors	$0.1211

State-level averages, not utility-specific tariffs. For exact pricing, check your utility's published rate schedule.

24-hour grid carbon profile

Average hourly CO₂e intensity across the last 7 days from PJM Interconnection (VA's balancing authority). Red = dirtiest, green = cleanest. Data: EIA-930 (~24h lag).

Hours in local standard time. Swing: 1.16× between cleanest (09:00 local) and dirtiest (22:00 local).

Read full guide on hourly grid carbon intensity →

Derived metrics for Virginia

Carbon cost of electricity: $643 per tonne CO₂e (residential rate ÷ grid intensity)
Annual per-capita CO₂e from electricity: 3,565 kg/yr (13.2k kWh × grid factor)
10,000 mi/yr EV emissions: 812 kg CO₂e (at 0.30 kWh/mi)
Same miles in gas car: ~4,000 kg CO₂e (400 g/mi baseline)
EV vs gas savings: 80% cleaner
Grid trend 2018-2023: -20.2% (cleaner)

kWh to CO₂ Calculator - Virginia

Enter electricity consumption (kWh):

Using Virginia average: 723.8 lb CO₂e/MWh = 0.3283 kg/kWh. Source: EPA eGRID2023.

How to Use Virginia's Emission Factor for Scope 2 Reporting

For GHG Protocol Scope 2 location-based emissions reporting, multiply each facility's electricity consumption by the emission factor for its ZIP code's eGRID subregion. Facilities in different parts of Virginia may be in different subregions - use the API to get the exact factor by ZIP code.

curl "https://emission-factors.com/api/lookup?zip=YOUR_ZIP"

Compare with Other States

Delaware

599 lb/MWh

Georgia

782 lb/MWh

Maryland

788 lb/MWh

Michigan

1099 lb/MWh

New Jersey

421 lb/MWh

North Carolina

782 lb/MWh

Virginia

724 lb/MWh

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Virginia's electricity emission factor?

Virginia's EPA eGRID2023 electricity emission factor is 723.8 lb CO₂e per MWh (0.3283 kg per kWh). This is 6% cleaner than the US national average.

How do I calculate Scope 2 emissions for a Virginia facility?

Multiply the facility's annual kWh consumption by 0.3283 to get kg CO₂e. Divide by 1,000 for metric tonnes. For facilities spanning multiple Virginia subregions, use the emission factors API to get the exact factor by ZIP code.

How clean is Virginia's electricity grid?

Virginia's grid is 37% carbon-free and 8% renewable. At 724 lb CO₂e/MWh, it is 6% cleaner than the US average of 770.9 lb/MWh.

Get exact emission factors by ZIP code

33,616 ZIP codes · All 27 eGRID subregions · CO₂e, NOx, SO₂, generation mix

Read the API docs · Scope 2 calculation guide