Pennsylvania Electricity Emission Factor 2023

EPA eGRID2023 Rev2 · 2 eGRID subregions · Average

Pennsylvania's electricity grid has a CO₂e emission factor of 757.6 lb/MWh (0.3436 kg/kWh) - 2% cleaner than the US average. The grid is 38% carbon-free and 6% renewable. These are the official EPA eGRID2023 values used for GHG Protocol Scope 2 location-based emissions reporting.

757.6

lb CO₂e / MWh

0.3436

kg CO₂e / kWh

38%

Carbon-free

Renewable

eGRID Subregions in Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania spans 2 eGRID subregions. Use the ZIP-level API to get the exact factor for each facility.

Subregion	Name	lb CO₂e/MWh	kg/kWh	Carbon-free	Rating
RFCE	RFC East	599.17	0.2718	40.4%	Clean
RFCW	RFC West	916.054	0.4155	36.04%	Dirty

Generation Mix

Solar1.0%

Wind1.0%

Nuclear36.4%

Hydro1.1%

Natural Gas54.1%

Coal4.7%

Biomass0.9%

Other Fossil0.7%

Generation mix shown for RFCE (primary subregion). See subregion pages for full breakdowns.

Electricity cost in Pennsylvania

Latest monthly state-level average rate (EIA Form 861, 2026-04):

Sector	$/kWh
Residential	$0.2147
Commercial	$0.1368
Industrial	$0.0982
All sectors	$0.1486

State-level averages, not utility-specific tariffs. For exact pricing, check your utility's published rate schedule.

24-hour grid carbon profile

Average hourly CO₂e intensity across the last 7 days from PJM Interconnection (PA's balancing authority). Red = dirtiest, green = cleanest. Data: EIA-930 (~24h lag).

Hours in local standard time. Swing: 1.16× between cleanest (09:00 local) and dirtiest (22:00 local).

Read full guide on hourly grid carbon intensity →

Derived metrics for Pennsylvania

Carbon cost of electricity: $790 per tonne CO₂e (residential rate ÷ grid intensity)
Annual per-capita CO₂e from electricity: 3,030 kg/yr (11.2k kWh × grid factor)
10,000 mi/yr EV emissions: 815 kg CO₂e (at 0.30 kWh/mi)
Same miles in gas car: ~4,000 kg CO₂e (400 g/mi baseline)
EV vs gas savings: 80% cleaner
Grid trend 2018-2023: -16.8% (cleaner)

kWh to CO₂ Calculator - Pennsylvania

Enter electricity consumption (kWh):

Using Pennsylvania average: 757.6 lb CO₂e/MWh = 0.3436 kg/kWh. Source: EPA eGRID2023.

How to Use Pennsylvania's Emission Factor for Scope 2 Reporting

For GHG Protocol Scope 2 location-based emissions reporting, multiply each facility's electricity consumption by the emission factor for its ZIP code's eGRID subregion. Facilities in different parts of Pennsylvania may be in different subregions - use the API to get the exact factor by ZIP code.

curl "https://emission-factors.com/api/lookup?zip=YOUR_ZIP"

Compare with Other States

Delaware

599 lb/MWh

Illinois

1030 lb/MWh

Indiana

916 lb/MWh

Kentucky

910 lb/MWh

Maryland

788 lb/MWh

Michigan

1099 lb/MWh

Pennsylvania

758 lb/MWh

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Pennsylvania's electricity emission factor?

Pennsylvania's EPA eGRID2023 electricity emission factor is 757.6 lb CO₂e per MWh (0.3436 kg per kWh). This is 2% cleaner than the US national average.

How do I calculate Scope 2 emissions for a Pennsylvania facility?

Multiply the facility's annual kWh consumption by 0.3436 to get kg CO₂e. Divide by 1,000 for metric tonnes. For facilities spanning multiple Pennsylvania subregions, use the emission factors API to get the exact factor by ZIP code.

How clean is Pennsylvania's electricity grid?

Pennsylvania's grid is 38% carbon-free and 6% renewable. At 758 lb CO₂e/MWh, it is 2% cleaner than the US average of 770.9 lb/MWh.

Get exact emission factors by ZIP code

33,616 ZIP codes · All 27 eGRID subregions · CO₂e, NOx, SO₂, generation mix

Read the API docs · Scope 2 calculation guide